Exam in Otorhinolaryngology in English

To obtain the grade 12 the student must demonstrate the following abilities:

As medical expert, as health advocate and as professional

Knowledge

• Explain the pathophysiology, including etiology and pathogenesis of common oto-rhino-laryngological diseases
• Describe symptoms and specify test methods in the common oto-rhino-laryngological diseases
• Explain the treatment options and prognosis of the common oto-rhino- laryngological diseases
• Describe the epidemiology including risk factors and opportunities for prevention of the common oto-rhino- laryngological diseases
• In detail describe an emergency tracheotomy (coniotomy) and an ordinary uncomplicated tracheotomy
• Specifying the techniques for removing foreign bodies and treatment of epistaxis.
   

Skills

• Demonstrate knowledge and skills in oto-rhino-laryngology and head and neck surgery at a level sufficient for taking up an introductory post and for specialty training in general medicine
• Ability to independently perform basic specialty-oriented physical examinations focussing on the patient's symptom or complaint
• Perform the basic examination methods of the specialty including:
  • Use of head torch
  • Otoscopy including Weber's and Rinne's test, whispered and speaking voice testing
  • Pneumatic otoscopy
  • Anterior rhinoscopy
  • Examination of the cavum oris incl. bimanual palpation
  • Indirect laryngoscopy
  • Palpation of the face and neck
  • Examine cranial nerve functions
  • Nystagamus using Bartels glasses
  • Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre
  • Balance specific neurological examinations (proprioception, fine motor skills and Romberg)
• By inspection and palpation to detect fractures in the facial skeleton
• Reading a simple audiogram and tympanogram
• Be able to perform ear irrigation and fine-needle aspiration
   

Competencies

• Independently diagnose and treat life- or function-threatening conditions within oto-rhino-laryngology and head and neck surgery
• Diagnose and treat common acute and chronic diseases of the ear, nose, sinuses, cavum oris, pharynx, larynx and soft throat tissue
• Diagnose and treat upper respiratory passage obstructions in children and adults.