Climate Models and Observations

The aim of the course is (1) to introduce to the structure and functionality of climate models, (2) to provide an overview of observations of past (proxy) and recent instrumental climate variations, and (3) to give an overview of future climate changes as projected with state of the art climate models, and related changes in sea-level and their impacts. After completing the course the student should be able to

Skills

• Know how a typical climate simulation is performed, basic understanding of which methodologies are used to observe climate in the past and at present

Knowledge

• Understand the design, functionality, and purpose of different climate models
• Be able to describe, in general terms, the observed changes in the climate in the past and at present and be able to attribute these to different climate drivers and through which methods these results are obtained.

• Be able to describe how ocean and ocean heat content and sea level have risen over the recent past and what methods have been applied to obtain these measures

• Be able to describe the general future climate changes, globally as well as at regional scale (including sea level rise) as simulated with state of the art climate models

Competences

• Identify the potentials and limitations of climate models
• Be able to apply the relevant scientific terminologies correctly
• Present the results of an analysis or exercise in a well-structured, logical, coherent and scientifically correct form
• Bring together information from observations and models to provide a coherent picture of climate and climate change
• Provide qualified contributions to discussions on climate change mechanisms.